10 Things to Know before Going to Nepal !

About Nepal

Nepal is a small, landlocked country located in South Asia, between India and China. It is home to some of the world’s most spectacular mountain scenery, including the highest peak in the world, Mount Everest. Nepal is a country of great cultural and religious diversity, with Hinduism and Buddhism being the two main religions.

Nepal is a country of great natural beauty, with its majestic Himalayan mountains, lush green valleys, and picturesque lakes. The country is home to eight of the world’s ten highest peaks, including Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the world. Nepal is also home to some of the world’s most spectacular wildlife, including the endangered Bengal tiger, snow leopard, and red panda.

Nepal is a country of great cultural and religious diversity. Hinduism is the predominant religion, with Buddhism being the second most popular. The two religions have coexisted peacefully for centuries, and the country is home to many ancient temples and monasteries. Nepal is also home to a variety of ethnic groups, including the Gurung, Magar, Tharu, and Tamang.

Nepal is a developing country, with a population of around 28 million people. The country’s economy is largely based on agriculture, with tourism being an important source of income. Nepal is also home to a number of industries, including textiles, carpets, and handicrafts.

Cost of Living and Currency in Nepal

Nepal’s official currency is the Nepalese Rupee (NPR). The symbol for the Nepalese Rupee is “रू” or “Rs,” and its currency code is NPR. The currency is issued and regulated by the Nepal Rastra Bank, the country’s central bank.

As for the cost of living in Nepal, it is relatively low compared to many other countries. However, the cost of living can vary depending on the region, city, and lifestyle choices. Major cities like Kathmandu and Pokhara tend to have higher living costs compared to rural areas.

Here are some key aspects of the cost of living in Nepal:

1. Accommodation: The cost of housing in Nepal can vary significantly depending on the location and type of accommodation. In urban areas, the rent for apartments or houses can be relatively high, especially in popular neighborhoods. On average, a one-bedroom apartment in the city center can cost around NPR 20,000 to NPR 40,000 per month, while outside the city center, the cost may range from NPR 10,000 to NPR 25,000 per month. Rent prices decrease in smaller cities and rural areas.
2. Food: The cost of food in Nepal is generally affordable, especially if you eat local Nepali cuisine. Traditional dishes like dal bhat (lentil soup with rice) and momo (dumplings) are quite popular and relatively inexpensive. Eating out at local restaurants or street food stalls can be very affordable, with meals ranging from NPR 100 to NPR 500 per person. Prices may be higher at international or upscale restaurants.
3. Transportation: Public transportation in Nepal, such as buses and tempos (small public vehicles), is relatively cheap. The fares vary depending on the distance and mode of transportation. Taxis and ride-sharing services like Uber and Pathao are available in major cities, and the fares are reasonable. However, transportation costs can add up if you frequently use private vehicles or hire taxis for long distances.
4. Utilities: The cost of utilities like electricity, water, and internet can vary depending on the area and consumption. In urban areas, the average monthly cost for utilities (electricity, water, and internet) can range from NPR 3,000 to NPR 8,000. However, in rural areas, access to certain utilities might be limited or may require alternative arrangements.
5. Healthcare: The cost of healthcare in Nepal can vary. Basic healthcare services are available at government hospitals and health centers, which are relatively affordable. Private hospitals and clinics provide better facilities and services but are more expensive. It’s recommended to have health insurance to cover any unexpected medical expenses.

It’s important to note that these cost estimates are approximate and can vary depending on personal preferences, location, and lifestyle choices. It’s advisable to research specific costs and consult with locals or expatriates living in Nepal for more accurate and up-to-date information before planning a visit or long-term stay.

Means of communication in Nepal

In Nepal, there are several SIM card and Wi-Fi router rental services available for travelers. Here are a few popular options:

1. Ncell: Ncell is one of the leading telecommunication providers in Nepal and offers SIM cards and Wi-Fi router rentals for travelers. They have various packages available for both short-term and long-term usage. You can visit their official website or their retail stores located in major cities to inquire about their services.
2. Nepal Telecom: Nepal Telecom is the state-owned telecommunication service provider in Nepal. They also offer SIM cards and Wi-Fi router rentals for travelers. You can visit their official website or their retail stores to inquire about their services and available packages.
3. Smart Cell: Smart Cell is another telecommunications provider in Nepal that offers SIM cards and data packages for travelers. They have affordable data plans suitable for tourists. You can visit their official website or their retail stores for more information.
4. Skyroam: Skyroam is an international portable Wi-Fi hotspot provider that offers global coverage, including Nepal. With Skyroam, you can rent a portable Wi-Fi hotspot device that provides internet access wherever you are. You can check their website for rental options and pricing.

It’s important to note that availability, pricing, and services may change over time, so it’s recommended to check the official websites of these providers or visit their retail stores to get the most accurate and up-to-date information before your travel to Nepal.

Nepal Languages ​​and Greetings

The official language of Nepal is Nepali, also known as “Nepalese.” It is the mother tongue of the majority of the population and serves as the lingua franca of the country. Here are some simple greetings in Nepali along with their pronunciation guides:

1. Namaste (नमस्ते): This is a common greeting in Nepal and is used to say hello or welcome. It is typically accompanied by a slight bow and palms pressed together in a prayer-like gesture. Pronounced as “NAH-MUH-STAY.”
2. Dhanyabad (धन्यवाद): This means “thank you” in Nepali. It is a polite way to express gratitude. Pronounced as “DHAHN-YA-BHAD.”
3. Sanchai hununchha? (सन्चै हुनुहुन्छ?): This is a way to ask “How are you?” in Nepali. Pronounced as “SUN-CHAI WHO-NOON-CHAH?”
4. Ramro cha (राम्रो छ): This is a response to “How are you?” and means “I’m fine” or “I’m good.” Pronounced as “RUHM-ROH CHAH.”
5. Subha prabhat (सुभ प्रभात): This is a greeting used to say “Good morning.” Pronounced as “SOO-BAH PRAH-BAHT.”
6. Shubha din (शुभ दिन): This is a greeting used to say “Good day” or “Have a good day.” Pronounced as “SHOO-BAH DEEN.”
7. Shubha ratri (शुभ रात्रि): This is a greeting used to say “Good night.” Pronounced as “SHOO-BAH RAH-TRI.”

Remember, these are just a few basic greetings, and the Nepali language has a rich vocabulary and diverse expressions. When visiting Nepal, locals will appreciate your efforts to greet them in their language, even if you can only use these simple phrases.

Food and Cuisine in Nepal

Nepal’s food culture is diverse and influenced by its geography, ethnic groups, and neighboring countries. Nepali cuisine is known for its rich flavors, use of spices, and unique combinations of ingredients. Here are some popular and recommended foods and drinks in Nepal:

1. Dal Bhat: Dal Bhat is considered the national dish of Nepal. It consists of lentil soup (dal) served with steamed rice (bhat), accompanied by various side dishes like curries, pickles, and vegetables. It’s a staple meal and widely consumed throughout the country.
2. Momo: Momo is a type of dumpling that has gained popularity both locally and internationally. These steamed or fried dumplings are filled with minced meat (such as chicken, lamb, or buffalo), vegetables, or cheese. Momo is typically served with a spicy sauce and is a must-try dish in Nepal.
3. Gorkhali Lamb: Gorkhali Lamb is a famous Nepali dish that features tender pieces of lamb cooked in a rich gravy with spices, onions, tomatoes, and garlic. It is often served with rice or roti (flatbread).
4. Newari Cuisine: The Newar community in Nepal has a distinct cuisine known for its unique flavors and traditional dishes. Newari cuisine includes dishes like “Chatamari” (rice crepe topped with minced meat or vegetables), “Yomari” (sweet dumplings filled with molasses or sesame), “Kwati” (mixed bean soup), and “Aloo Tama” (a curry made with bamboo shoots and potatoes).
5. Thakali Cuisine: Thakali cuisine originates from the Thakali community in the Mustang region of Nepal. It is known for its wholesome and flavorful dishes. Thakali platters often include rice, lentils, pickles, vegetables, and various curries. One popular dish is “Thakali Set” which consists of rice, lentil soup, meat curry, and a variety of side dishes.
6. Dhindo: Dhindo is a traditional Nepali food made from millet or maize flour. It has a thick, porridge-like consistency and is often served with curries or pickles. Dhindo is a common staple food in rural areas of Nepal.
7. Chyang: Chyang, also known as “Tongba,” is a traditional millet-based alcoholic beverage consumed in mountainous regions of Nepal, particularly among the Limbu and Rai communities. It is made by fermenting millet grains and is served in a bamboo container with a bamboo straw.
8. Chiya (Tea): Nepali tea, known as “Chiya,” is a popular beverage enjoyed throughout the country. It is usually a milk tea prepared with a mix of tea leaves, milk, and spices like cardamom and ginger. Chiya is often served in small cups and is a social and cultural aspect of Nepali life.

These are just a few examples of the diverse and delicious foods and drinks you can experience in Nepal. The country offers a wide range of culinary delights, so don’t hesitate to explore and try different local dishes during your visit.

Nepal climate and clothing

Nepal experiences a varied climate due to its diverse geography and elevation range. The country can be divided into three main climatic regions: the tropical Terai plains in the south, the hilly region in the middle, and the mountainous region in the north.

1. Terai Plains: The Terai region has a subtropical climate with hot summers and mild winters. The summer months (March to June) can be very hot and humid, with temperatures reaching up to 35-40 degrees Celsius (95-104 degrees Fahrenheit). Light and breathable clothing such as cotton T-shirts, shorts, skirts, and dresses are suitable for this region. In winter (December to February), temperatures are milder, ranging from 10-25 degrees Celsius (50-77 degrees Fahrenheit), and a light jacket or sweater might be needed during the cooler evenings.
2. Hilly Region: The hilly region, including popular cities like Kathmandu and Pokhara, has a temperate climate. Summers (March to June) are warm with temperatures around 25-30 degrees Celsius (77-86 degrees Fahrenheit). Light and comfortable clothing like T-shirts, light pants, and skirts are suitable. During the winter months (December to February), temperatures can drop significantly, especially during the evenings and early mornings, ranging from 5-15 degrees Celsius (41-59 degrees Fahrenheit). It is recommended to pack warmer clothing such as sweaters, jackets, and long pants.
3. Mountainous Region: The mountainous region, including popular trekking areas like the Everest and Annapurna regions, has a highly variable climate and colder temperatures due to the high altitudes. Weather conditions can change rapidly, and it’s important to be prepared for cold temperatures, strong winds, and potential snowfall. Layered clothing is essential, including thermal base layers, fleece or down jackets, warm hats, gloves, and sturdy hiking boots. It is also recommended to have waterproof and windproof outer layers and carry warm sleeping bags for higher elevations.

Overall, it’s advisable to check the specific weather forecast for the region you plan to visit in Nepal and pack accordingly. It’s always a good idea to have a mix of clothing options to accommodate different temperatures and weather conditions. Additionally, it’s worth noting that modest clothing is appreciated in many cultural and religious sites in Nepal, so it’s respectful to cover shoulders, chest, and knees when visiting such places.

Security and Situation in Nepal

As an AI language model, I can provide information based on the knowledge available up until September 2021. However, the security and situation in Nepal can change over time. It is essential to stay updated with current news and consult official travel advisories before planning a trip to Nepal. Here is a general overview:

Nepal is generally considered a safe country for travelers. It has a welcoming and hospitable culture. However, as with any destination, it’s important to remain vigilant and take necessary precautions to ensure personal safety. Here are a few points to consider:

1. Crime: In general, the crime rate in Nepal is relatively low, and serious crimes against tourists are rare. However, petty theft and pickpocketing can occur, particularly in crowded tourist areas, so it’s advisable to keep an eye on your belongings and be cautious with your valuables. Avoid displaying expensive items openly and use secure methods to carry important documents like passports and money.
2. Political Situation: Nepal has experienced periods of political unrest and demonstrations in the past. While such situations are infrequent, it’s recommended to stay informed about the current political climate and potential protests or strikes that may affect transportation or access to certain areas. Following local news and advice from local authorities can help in staying updated on any potential disruptions.
3. Natural Disasters: Nepal is prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, and flooding. It’s advisable to be aware of the current weather conditions, follow guidance from local authorities, and stay informed about emergency procedures. If traveling to remote areas or engaging in outdoor activities like trekking, consider hiring a licensed guide or joining a reputable trekking agency for safety.
4. Altitude Sickness: Nepal’s mountainous regions attract many trekkers and climbers. If you plan to engage in high-altitude activities, be aware of the risks of altitude sickness and acclimatize properly. It is recommended to consult with healthcare professionals and follow their advice regarding altitude sickness prevention and treatment.
5. COVID-19: Like many countries, Nepal has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Travel restrictions, health protocols, and guidelines can change rapidly in response to the evolving situation. Before traveling to Nepal, check the latest travel advisories, entry requirements, and health regulations related to COVID-19 from the Nepalese government and your home country’s authorities.

It’s always advisable to register with your embassy or consulate while traveling abroad. They can provide updated information, travel advisories, and assistance in case of emergencies.

Please note that the information provided here is general, and the situation can vary. It’s important to conduct thorough research, refer to official sources, and consult with relevant authorities or travel agencies for the most current and accurate information about the security and situation in Nepal.

Religion and Culture of Nepal

Nepal is a diverse country with a rich cultural and religious heritage. The predominant religion in Nepal is Hinduism, followed by Buddhism, Islam, and other indigenous religions. The culture of Nepal is greatly influenced by these religions and their traditions. Here are some key aspects of Nepal’s religion and culture:

1. Hinduism: Hinduism is the major religion in Nepal, with a significant majority of the population identifying as Hindus. The country is home to numerous Hindu temples, pilgrimage sites, and festivals. The Pashupatinath Temple in Kathmandu is one of the holiest Hindu temples dedicated to Lord Shiva and attracts devotees from around the world.
2. Buddhism: Buddhism holds a significant place in Nepali culture, especially in regions like the Kathmandu Valley and areas bordering Tibet. Nepal is the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism, known as Lord Buddha. Lumbini, located in Nepal’s southern region, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and a major pilgrimage destination for Buddhists.
3. Festivals: Nepal is known for its vibrant and diverse festivals that reflect the cultural and religious traditions of the country. Festivals like Dashain (celebrating the victory of good over evil), Tihar (festival of lights), Holi (festival of colors), and Bisket Jatra (celebrated in Bhaktapur) are widely celebrated with enthusiasm and grandeur. These festivals often involve religious rituals, music, dance, and feasting.
4. Architecture and Art: Nepal showcases rich architectural heritage through its temples, palaces, and monuments. Traditional Newari architecture, seen prominently in the Kathmandu Valley, is characterized by intricate woodcarvings, pagoda-style structures, and courtyards. Art forms like thangka paintings (Buddhist religious paintings), woodwork, metalwork, and stone carvings are highly regarded and reflect the artistic traditions of the region.
5. Cuisine: Nepali cuisine is diverse, influenced by the country’s geography and cultural mix. Dal Bhat (lentil soup with rice), momo (dumplings), gundruk (fermented leafy greens), sel roti (sweet fried bread), and various curries and pickles are popular dishes. Food plays an important role in festivals and social gatherings, and hospitality is highly valued in Nepali culture.
6. Traditional Clothing: The traditional attire in Nepal varies among ethnic groups. The most recognized traditional dress for women is the “sari” for Hindus and “gunyo cholo” for Newari women, while men often wear a “daura suruwal” (a shirt and trouser set) with a “topi” (a traditional cap). These traditional garments are often worn on special occasions and festivals.
7. Music and Dance: Nepali music and dance are diverse and reflect regional variations. Folk music, classical music, and religious hymns are popular forms of music. Traditional dances like the “Newari dance,” “Tharu dance,” and “Maithili dance” are performed on various occasions, showcasing the cultural heritage of different ethnic groups.

Nepal’s religion and culture are deeply intertwined, shaping the way of life and traditions of its people. The country’s diversity offers a rich tapestry of customs, rituals, and artistic expressions that contribute to Nepal’s unique cultural identity.

Transportation in Nepal

Nepal offers various modes of transportation to travel within and around the country. Here are the main transportation options available in Nepal:

1. Road Transportation:
   • Buses: Buses are the most common and affordable mode of transportation in Nepal. There are local buses that connect cities, towns, and villages, as well as long-distance buses that operate between major cities and tourist destinations.
   • Micro Buses and Vans: Micro buses and vans are smaller vehicles that operate on fixed routes within cities and towns. They are a popular choice for short-distance travel and commuting within urban areas.
   • Taxis and Private Cars: Taxis and private cars are available in urban areas and can be hailed on the streets or booked through ride-hailing apps. Taxis in Nepal do not use meters, so it’s important to negotiate the fare or agree on a price before starting the journey.
2. Air Transportation:
   • Domestic Flights: Nepal has several domestic airports that connect major cities and towns, as well as remote areas and mountain regions. Domestic flights are a convenient and time-saving option, especially when traveling to remote areas or trekking destinations.
3. Rail Transportation:
   • Currently, Nepal does not have an extensive rail network. However, plans are underway to construct railway lines connecting major cities, including the proposed Kathmandu-Pokhara-Lumbini railway.
4. Off-road Vehicles and Jeep Services:
   • In mountainous and remote regions, off-road vehicles and jeeps are commonly used for transportation, especially in areas with rough terrains and limited road infrastructure. These vehicles are often used for trekking trips, expeditions, and rural transportation.
5. Motorcycles and Bicycles:
   • Motorcycles and bicycles are available for rent in popular tourist areas. They provide flexibility and convenience for exploring cities, towns, and scenic routes at your own pace.
6. Rickshaws and Cycle Rickshaws:
   • In some urban areas, rickshaws (three-wheeled passenger carts) and cycle rickshaws (pedal-powered carts) are used for short-distance travel, particularly for local commuting or within narrow streets.

It’s important to note that road conditions in Nepal can vary, especially in rural and mountainous areas. Some roads may be unpaved, narrow, or challenging to navigate. It’s advisable to consider local advice, road conditions, and weather conditions before planning your travel and choose appropriate transportation options accordingly.

Lastly, always check the latest transportation information, follow safety guidelines, and consider booking through reputable and licensed providers for a safe and comfortable travel experience in Nepal.

Major cities of Nepal

Here are three major cities in Nepal along with an overview of each:

1. Kathmandu:
   • Kathmandu is the capital and largest city of Nepal. It is located in the Kathmandu Valley, surrounded by lush hills and mountains. The city is known for its rich history, ancient architecture, and vibrant cultural scene.
   • Major attractions: Kathmandu Durbar Square, Swayambhunath Stupa (Monkey Temple), Boudhanath Stupa, Pashupatinath Temple, Patan Durbar Square, Thamel (tourist hub), and numerous museums, temples, and monasteries.
   • Kathmandu offers a mix of traditional and modern experiences, with bustling markets, diverse cuisines, vibrant festivals, and a thriving arts and music scene. The city serves as a gateway to popular trekking and adventure destinations in Nepal.
2. Pokhara:
   • Pokhara is a scenic city located in central Nepal, about 200 kilometers west of Kathmandu. It is situated near the tranquil Phewa Lake and is surrounded by the Annapurna mountain range, making it a popular base for treks and outdoor activities.
   • Major attractions: Phewa Lake, Sarangkot viewpoint, World Peace Pagoda, Davis Falls, Mahendra Cave, Bindabasini Temple, and boating on the lake.
   • Pokhara offers stunning natural beauty, a relaxed atmosphere, and a range of adventure activities such as paragliding, trekking, and rafting. It is a starting point for treks to the Annapurna region, including the famous Annapurna Circuit and Annapurna Base Camp.
3. Patan (also known as Lalitpur):
   • Patan is a historic city located just south of Kathmandu. It is known for its rich cultural heritage, well-preserved Newari architecture, and intricate craftsmanship.
   • Major attractions: Patan Durbar Square, Krishna Mandir, Patan Museum, Golden Temple (Hiranya Varna Mahavihar), and traditional Newari neighborhoods.
   • Patan offers a glimpse into Newari culture, with narrow streets, ancient temples, courtyards, and traditional arts and crafts. The city is renowned for its metalwork, woodcarvings, and stone sculptures. Patan is a UNESCO World Heritage site and provides a unique cultural experience.

These cities are among the most visited destinations in Nepal, offering a blend of historical, cultural, and natural attractions that showcase the country’s rich heritage and stunning landscapes. Each city has its distinct character and charm, providing visitors with diverse experiences.